OLAVIATION

Selective availability of GPS   : GPS included a feature called selective availability that adds intentional, time varrying errors up to 10 metre horizontal and 30 metres vertically into the publicly available L1 signal. This was intended to deny an enemy the use of civilian GPS receiver for precision weapon guidance. The GPS can be used for the following purposes. 1. Differential GPS (DGPS) : for marine uses, maintained by the US coast guard. 2.WAAS (wide area of mentation system) . Extremely accurate navigation system developed by FAA. Provide service for all aircraft for all phase of the flight including and route navigation, airport departure and arrival. Particularly LNAV & VNAV in  low visibility operations. Currently,it only covers North america as there are no ground reference stations for this technology in other countries yet. 3.LAAS ( local area augmentation system)  all weather aircraft landing system (instrument landing system) used to replace conv...

GPS Operations: 1.The property of wave propagation can be used for satellite navigation purpose in the. 2. First, we need to know the exact position of satellite in orbit about the earth. 3.When the satellite transmitts radio wave to an observer on the earth surface  , the time delay between when the radio signal was transmitted and received provides the means of calculating the spherical range between the satellite and observer. 4.  Through second satellite, we can improve directional ambiguity.  5. Third satellite will improve all directional ambiguity and define our 2D dimensional position on the earth. 6. Fourth satellite will give us the 3D view as well as Latitude and longitude and altitude. 7.Once  the user's position has been calculated, the gps receiver can derive additional useful navigation information track,ground speed and drift angle. Space segment : Each satellite is installed with the ' four atomic clock' that are extremely accurate, typically ...

  1.Global positioning system(GPS) was invented in 1973 by United State Military , and referred to as ' Navstar'(navigation satellite with the timing and ranging ). 2.The system was initially developed for use by the us military. They were using this  satellite for surveillance purpose on neighboring countries. 3.The first satellite was launched in 1978 and full constellation was in place and operating by 1994 . 4. GPS is now widely available for use by many applications including aircraft navigation. 5. The system compromises a space segment, user segment and control segment .  6.The  control segment  consist of ground based transrecivers which monitors the satellite health.e.g. NASA, ISRO. 7.The  user segment  can be an Aircarft, any personnel. 8.The  space segment  consist of group of 24 Satellite. 9. 24 satellite (the space segment )in orbit around the earth send data via radio link that allows aircraft receivers (the user segment) ...

The aviation industry is considered as the most glamorous industry in the world.   All of us, are always attracted toward its brightness. Airlines employees are always well groomed and airport area is always a fascinated area for us. In short, we all want to work on the airport, but due to the lack of guidance, we fails to enter into the aviation. In this blog, you will get detailed knowledge about 'how to enter in various departments of airlines'.  1. Planning department : this department co-ordinates between maintenance activity and quality control department. They make sure that all planned maintenance activity is properly supported with the tools/ parts/ consumables.  Qualification: AME / Degree . How to apply: through the company website. 2. Quality control department :  this department keeps proper record of all maintenance work done on the aircraft. All original paper like C of C, calibration certificate, employee qualification certificates are kept in or...

The cockpit of fighter plane is very small and congested. Also fighter pilot has to carry extra accessories like helmet,G-suit, Guns etc. So their hands are generally very buisy . Only thing that is available is the knee area where they attach their all required documents , while walking towards their Aircarft. The area which holds the paper is called ' Kneeboard' . The kneeboard held their maps, local airfield approach charts and radio frequencies, and miscellaneous information about that particular mission. That's probably all integrated into the heads up display, HUD, now, but guys probably still carry back up charts in case of HUD failure. There are generally two types of check list 1. CCL : also called cockpit check list , for normal operation of the aircraft. 2. ECL : emergency check list: which is used while emergency.Along with this some other important documents are attached to their kneeboard.  Cockpit of a Lockheed C-141 Starlifter A kneeboard is an accessory (...

RNAV  is a short form of  Area Navigation . LNAV and VNAV are parts of the automatic flight director system(AFDS), and are short form for ' lateral navigation ' and ' Vertical Navigation'.  1.LNAV  :is the route you fly over the ground or simply lateral movement of the aircraft w.r.t ground. The plane may be using VORs, GPS, DME, or any combination of the above. As pilot enters his route as specified in the FMS (Flight Management System). The route shows up as a magenta line on the lower flight display, and as long as the autopilot is engaged in the LNAV mode, it will follow that line across the ground. LNAV however does not tell the plane what altitude to fly. 2.VNAV  means guidance to the pilot w.r.t to descent or climb or in simple words vertical movement of the aircraft. If you are flying with the autopilot on in VNAV mode at cruise altitude, you can enter what speed you desire to make a descent at, and what altitude you wish to cross a particular point, ...

Aircraft model number designates, the family to which it belongs. e.g. Narrow body 737 Or Wide body 777. Series number indicates speciality of that particular aircraft. If you want to know the detail about any particular model like,  flying range , size ,capacity then you should focus on its series number .Some airlines modify their aircraft as per their operational experience and it is called ' retrofitting '. Retrofitting includes(but not limited) activity like reshaping fuselage size, fitting diffrent engines of same thrust rating or modifying cabin layout.'Retrofited' aircraft again  have a unique series number like B747 300 SP (Special performance) . This B747SP was made for (short range minimum fuel and maximum passenger capacity).  Fig 1 :B747SP(Special perfomance) B 747 is a family and it has hundreds of sub-models, retrofitted. While writing,e.g. B737-800NG,   we can use very intelligent method which saves our time and space.It is written as ' B738 '...