GLONASS(Russian global navigation system)

Selective availability of GPS  :


GPS included a feature called selective availability that adds intentional, time varrying errors up to 10 metre horizontal and 30 metres vertically into the publicly available L1 signal. This was intended to deny an enemy the use of civilian GPS receiver for precision weapon guidance.

The GPS can be used for the following purposes.

1.Differential GPS (DGPS) : for marine uses, maintained by the US coast guard.

2.WAAS (wide area of mentation system).Extremely accurate navigation system developed by FAA.

Provide service for all aircraft for all phase of the flight including and route navigation, airport departure and arrival.

Particularly LNAV & VNAV in  low visibility operations.

Currently,it only covers North america as there are no ground reference stations for this technology in other countries yet.

3.LAAS ( local area augmentation system) 

all weather aircraft landing system (instrument landing system)

used to replace conventional ground based navigation add ultimately lead to GLS(global navigation satellite landing system).

The GPS navigation receiver can also be installed with error detection software known as receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM). Monitoring is achieved by comparing the range instruments made from five satellites. 

In addition to this, failed satellites can be explode excluded from the range estimates by comparing the data from 6 satellites. this technique is called fault detection and exclusion(FDE).

Global navigation system for general aviation of an integrated with ILS-VOR or and VHF communication system.

GLONASS

The Russian global navigation system(GLONASS) feature for 24 satellites orbiting at a lower altitude of 19,100 kilometre in three orbital plane is, three satellites are in orbit is a spares.

Galileo is a european system that is intended to be compatible with, but more advanced than, GPS or GLONASS.

The system is based on 30 satellites in a higher (23,000 kilometre) orbit, the satellite from three orbital planes each comprising 10 satellites.

Estimates vary, but it is conceivable that over 100 navigation satellites could be in orbit over the next 20 years.

There are programs in place in the USA to eventually replace ground-based radio navigation system including non directional beacon (ADF) enroute navigation aids(VOR). DME navigation aids will be retained for a longer period, with the possibility of relocating some of these facilities.

Automatic approach and landing trials are under way using satellite derived navigation references.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

AME / Tech interview : Do & Dont's.

Image
always remember : ' First impression is the last impression '. 1.Basically interviewer person will observe two things in you: a. Your confidence. b. How you represent yourself. 2.Let the interviewer complete his sentence. Don't stop him in-between. 3.If you don't know answer say 'sorry sir, i don't know' immediately. Don't waste their time. There should be a minimum time gap between question asked by the interviewer and response from candidate.  4.Before entering in the interview room knock the door and ask whether to come inside or not and before sitting take permission to seat. 5.Always wear white shirt with full sleeves(no design or logo on it). It creates positive feeling towards interviewer. Trouser : either  black / blue. 6.There should not be any bad smell coming from your body. Therefore, we recommend you to keep either pocket deo or perfume along with you always. 7.Always ready with good answer for introduction ("Tell me about yourself"
Read more

Parallel career in Aircraft maintenance

Image
The aviation industry is considered as the most glamorous industry in the world.   All of us, are always attracted toward its brightness. Airlines employees are always well groomed and airport area is always a fascinated area for us. In short, we all want to work on the airport, but due to the lack of guidance, we fails to enter into the aviation. In this blog, you will get detailed knowledge about 'how to enter in various departments of airlines'.  1. Planning department : this department co-ordinates between maintenance activity and quality control department. They make sure that all planned maintenance activity is properly supported with the tools/ parts/ consumables.  Qualification: AME / Degree . How to apply: through the company website. 2. Quality control department :  this department keeps proper record of all maintenance work done on the aircraft. All original paper like C of C, calibration certificate, employee qualification certificates are kept in original format. Q
Read more