INDIGO AIRLINES AMT INTERVIEW QUESTION PAGE 5


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LNAV( lateral navigation ) & VNAV( vertical navigation)

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RNAV  is a short form of  Area Navigation . LNAV and VNAV are parts of the automatic flight director system(AFDS), and are short form for ' lateral navigation ' and ' Vertical Navigation'.  1.LNAV  :is the route you fly over the ground or simply lateral movement of the aircraft w.r.t ground. The plane may be using VORs, GPS, DME, or any combination of the above. As pilot enters his route as specified in the FMS (Flight Management System). The route shows up as a magenta line on the lower flight display, and as long as the autopilot is engaged in the LNAV mode, it will follow that line across the ground. LNAV however does not tell the plane what altitude to fly. 2.VNAV  means guidance to the pilot w.r.t to descent or climb or in simple words vertical movement of the aircraft. If you are flying with the autopilot on in VNAV mode at cruise altitude, you can enter what speed you desire to make a descent at, and what altitude you wish to cross a particular point, ...
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Fighter Pilot's Kneeboard

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The cockpit of fighter plane is very small and congested. Also fighter pilot has to carry extra accessories like helmet,G-suit, Guns etc. So their hands are generally very buisy . Only thing that is available is the knee area where they attach their all required documents , while walking towards their Aircarft. The area which holds the paper is called ' Kneeboard' . The kneeboard held their maps, local airfield approach charts and radio frequencies, and miscellaneous information about that particular mission. That's probably all integrated into the heads up display, HUD, now, but guys probably still carry back up charts in case of HUD failure. There are generally two types of check list 1. CCL : also called cockpit check list , for normal operation of the aircraft. 2. ECL : emergency check list: which is used while emergency.Along with this some other important documents are attached to their kneeboard.  Cockpit of a Lockheed C-141 Starlifter A kneeboard is an accessory (...
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